What does the Haptoglobin - HAPTO blood test mean? Get a free analysis of your blood test now. Here's what you get with our free analysis:
Haptoglobin is a protein produced by the liver that binds to free hemoglobin in the blood. This test measures haptoglobin levels to assess for conditions involving red blood cell destruction (hemolysis). It's useful in diagnosing and monitoring hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells break down faster than they can be replaced. Haptoglobin levels decrease during hemolysis as it binds to and removes free hemoglobin from the bloodstream. This test can also help differentiate between anemia caused by hemolysis and other types of anemia. Additionally, haptoglobin is an acute-phase reactant, so its levels may increase in response to inflammation or infection.
A low haptoglobin level (<30 mg/dL) typically indicates increased red blood cell destruction (hemolysis). This can be seen in conditions such as:
Low levels may also occur in some individuals with anhaptoglobinemia, a rare genetic condition. Further testing, such as a complete blood count, reticulocyte count, and peripheral blood smear, is often necessary to confirm hemolysis and determine its cause.
Elevated haptoglobin levels (>200 mg/dL) are generally less specific but can indicate:
Haptoglobin is an acute-phase reactant, meaning its levels increase in response to inflammation. While high levels are less diagnostically specific than low levels, they can provide valuable information when considered alongside other clinical findings and laboratory tests.