What does the Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody - TPO Ab blood test mean? Get a free analysis of your blood test now. Here's what you get with our free analysis:
The Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPO Ab) test measures the level of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, an enzyme crucial for thyroid hormone production. This test is primarily used to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease. Elevated TPO antibodies indicate that the immune system is attacking the thyroid gland, which can lead to thyroid dysfunction over time. The test is also useful for monitoring the progression of autoimmune thyroid diseases and assessing the risk of developing thyroid problems in individuals with a family history of thyroid disorders. It's often performed alongside other thyroid function tests to provide a comprehensive evaluation of thyroid health.
A TPO Ab level below the range_lower (<0 IU/mL) is generally not considered clinically significant. It indicates that the immune system is not producing antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, which is normal. This result suggests that autoimmune thyroid disease is unlikely. However, it’s important to note that a negative TPO Ab test does not completely rule out thyroid dysfunction, as other factors can affect thyroid function. Always interpret results in conjunction with other thyroid tests and clinical symptoms.
A TPO Ab level above the range_upper (>35 IU/mL) indicates the presence of thyroid autoantibodies, suggesting an autoimmune thyroid disorder. This could be Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (more common) or Graves’ disease. Higher levels generally correlate with a higher likelihood of developing clinical thyroid dysfunction. However, some individuals with elevated TPO Ab may have normal thyroid function. Regular monitoring is recommended, as these individuals have an increased risk of developing thyroid problems over time. The presence of TPO antibodies can also increase the risk of miscarriage and postpartum thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women.