What does the Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) - ApoB blood test mean? Get a free analysis of your blood test now. Here's what you get with our free analysis:
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of lipids. It's the primary protein found in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as 'bad' cholesterol. The ApoB test measures the total amount of this protein in the blood, providing a more accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk than LDL cholesterol alone. ApoB is particularly useful in evaluating the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. It's considered a better predictor of cardiovascular events than traditional lipid tests, especially in individuals with normal LDL levels but elevated triglycerides or metabolic syndrome. This test is often recommended for patients with a family history of heart disease, diabetes, or other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
A low ApoB level (below 50 mg/dL) is generally considered favorable and indicates a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, extremely low levels may be associated with certain genetic disorders or malnutrition. In rare cases, it could indicate conditions like abetalipoproteinemia, a disorder that impairs the body’s ability to absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins. If ApoB levels are unexpectedly low, further investigation may be necessary to rule out underlying health issues.
High ApoB levels (above 130 mg/dL) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Elevated ApoB indicates a higher number of atherogenic particles in the bloodstream, which can contribute to plaque formation in arteries. This increased risk persists even when LDL cholesterol levels are within normal range. High ApoB levels may be due to genetic factors, poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity, or certain medical conditions like diabetes. Treatment typically involves lifestyle changes and may include cholesterol-lowering medications like statins.